CAPITAL MARKETS,
MONEY, BANKING, & CORPORATE FINANCE

Adam Smith & "The Money Game" : A 5 page essay on Adam Smith's "The Money Game"-- discussing the relevance of Smith's assertions to changes occurring in the former Soviet Union after its collapse. The writer examines in light of the book whether stock markets and capitalism can "exist and benefit all the people rather than exploit the many for the benefit of the few." Adamamit.wps

Adam Smith's "The Money Game" / Relevance To Today's Economies : This 10 pages paper uses the "Father of Economics'" work, "The Money Game" as its reason, but speaks more to Adam Smith's basic theories and how they apply to today's economies, particularly those of America and the evolving Russian prefects since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The discussion of America's economy compares the New Deal of FDR to Ronald Reagan's "trickle down" approach of Reaganomics. Included is a glance at the length of time required for government to effectively back away from the free or mixed market and the inability of only one subsequent and ideologically opposed administration to change the set course in only one term. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Moneygam.wps

Adam Smith & Jane Austen : A 7 page paper that argues the comparison between the moral convictions related to social constructs presented by authors like Jane Austen with the sympathetic development of morality through emotion presented by Adam Smith. It is Smith's basic contention that man is inherently good, and that his moral development comes from his ability to perceive and diminish selfishness. This paper utilizes the text from Smith "The Theory of Moral Sentiments" as a means for demonstrating his theory. Smithaus.wps

Economic Value Added (EVA) and Western Atlas International : A 30 page research paper providing an overview of EVA principles and relates them to the status of Western Atlas International, a Los Angeles based company. The writer supports the view that Western Atlas could benefit from EVA principles in their business and management divisions. Bibliography lists 18 sources. EVA.wps

Banking & The Economy In Guatemala : A 12 page examination of the role of Guatemala’s banking system in the evolution of the country’s economy. The civil war of 36 years’ duration finally came to an end in 1996 and the government seems to have stabilized to the point of being able to accomplish some good for the country. There is still a wide disparity between rich and poor, with little middle class. The banking system has learned some hard lessons in the last 20 years that may serve the country well now. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Guatbank.wps

Nine Months Of Merger Activity : A 5 page paper discussing the astounding rates of merger activity not only in the US, but all over the world. The writer focuses on the US and uses the financial services industry as its prime example since that industry is the most flamboyant in its merger activity. Banks show no hesitation at paying three and four times the stated book value for the entity they want to buy, and often pay as much as 20 times the earnings rate of the bank they are buying in order to expand their asset base. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Mergers.wps

Corporate Reorganization and Tax Laws : A 7 page paper focusing on some of the considerations necessary for a productive corporate reorganization as seen from an accountant’s viewpoint. Some of the terms addressed are: valuation (extensively), assumption of liabilities, net operating loss carryovers, capital loss carryovers and tax planning consideration. The writer presents Hallmark’s tax-savings strategies on corporate real estate and Federated Department Store’s (Bloomingdale’s) acquisition of Macy’s in 1994 as relevant examples. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Taxlaws.wps

Managerial Accounting : A 20 page paper that provides an overview of the issues related to changing technologies, increasing competition and the role of management accounting in a competitive manufacturing sector. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Manac.wps

The Dow Jones Industrial Average : An 8 page paper on the dow jones industrial average, who started it, how and when it was started, what it consists of, what companies are on it today/past, and its affects on our economy. The paper includes comparison charts to other indices and a discussion of how the Dow benefits our economy. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Dowjones.rtf

Effects Of Demand & Zero Price Elasticity On Dow Jones : A 5 page discussion of how, despite the atrophy experienced by the Dow Jones Industrial Average over 3 decades, that a monetarist-type demand created a zero price elasticity that spared the company from its conservative growth policy, which in turn extended to the functioning of the macroeconomic realm of the New York Stock Exchange. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Dowjones.wps

The Effects Of Institutional Ownership : A 5 page essay analyzing the effects of institutional ownership. The writer posits that institutional ownership has numerous down-sides including conflict of interest and lack of interest in the management of the company while the entrepreneur investor is interested in all aspects of the company. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Instown.wps

Bank Mergers : A 5 page discussion of legal issues and considerations in bank mergers. Primary focus is upon the Federal Bank Holding Company Act and Bank Merger Act. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Bankmerg.wps

Junk Bonds : A 6 page research paper. "Junk" is the common name for bonds issued by companies with below-investment-grade credit ratings of BB or less. Because these firms are considered more likely to default, they must offer higher yields to attract investors. The economy’s long and steady sustained growth over the last seven years has enabled these businesses of questionable credit ratings to prosper along with those with better credit standings, and few junk issuers are having any trouble making their payments. Bonds are attractive to investors of any age. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Junkbond.wps

Leveraged Buyouts : A 10 page overview on leveraged buyouts. While popular in the eighties, ramifications of these mergers are still felt today. LBO companies of the 1980's are compared to a new breed of firms that are popular today. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Buyouts.wps

Leveraged Buyouts & Junk Bonds From a Prudent Christian View : A 10 page paper that provides an overview of leveraged buyouts, junk bonds, appropriate risk, current economic trends and concludes by providing a prudent Christian view on the transition of economic conditions. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Levbuy.wps

An Overview Of Capital Budgeting : Techniques employed in the process of capital budgeting are demonstrated in this 10 page paper.The insurance industry is used as an example of how the capital budgeting process is integral to an overall financial management plan. Industry trends are noted along with the financial problems Oxford has experienced in the 1990’s. A detailed discussion on NPV and IRR is included. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Capbdgt.wps

Capital Budgeting for the Project Manager : A 6 page research paper on the use and contents of a capital budget in the context of managing a project. The writer details the development and uses of a capital budget, its contents, and its theory. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Capbudg.wps

Risk Management In Capital Budgeting : A 4 page essay investigating how managers assess risk when involved in capital budgeting. A longtitudinal study of Fortune 500 companies conducted between 1980 and 1991 is reported. Small businesses need to pay particular attention to risk analysis. Bibliography is included. Risk.wps

Competition Factors and Risk Management : A 14 page research paper evaluating two common, but fairly new, business risk factors: sustained slow economic growth and increased (intensive) competition. These two factors affect nearly every industry in the industrialized nations today, but the focus in this paper is only on their effects on the overall retail industry in the United States. Economic growth is only briefly discussed, and only in its relationship to increased competition. The paper tells the tale of two companies, Toys R Us and Specs Music Corporation, and the consequences they face today for not having performed their risk management duties well in the past, and for not evaluating the impact of changing external factors on their company’s performance. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Riskmgt.wps

Corporate Wealth Maximization : A 5 page paper discussing the concentration on wealth, rather than profit, maximization. The typical approach of most businesses is to generate the highest levels of profit possible, both for increasing their own profitability and their shareholders’ equity. In recent years, however, some companies have begun holding onto more and more of the profits they do generate, choosing to reinvest in the company rather than to pay full dividends to their shareholders. Private companies gain even more benefit by positioning themselves to better withstand economic fluctuations. Bibliography lists five sources. Corpcash.wps

Case / Evaluation Of 501c.3 Organizations For Contribution Of $300,000 :

A 5 page paper that evaluates 4 different 501c.3 charitable organizations to choose two for the distribution of $300,000 in contributions. The writer compares the four organizations on the basis of whether the meet the goals of their mission statements and how they use the donations they receive. In the end, the writer chooses just two of the four to receive donations. No Bibliography. 501c3.wps

Derivatives : An 8 page overview of [financial] derivatives; their definition, history, advantages, future outlook, and various case studies. Excellent for those studying subjects like money & capital markets. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Derivati.wps

The New Finance / The Case Against Efficient Markets : A 5 page examination of the investment strategies outlined in "The New Finance: The Case Against Efficient Markets," a book by Robert Haugen. Includes information on his concept of the "inefficient market" and "super stocks." No additional sources cited. Casemark.wps

Economic Impact of Mortgages : This 6 page paper discusses various types of mortgages currently on the market as well as the economic ramifications of these instruments. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Mortgage.wps

The Canadian Housing Market : A 7 page research paper on the real estate market in Canada. Issues concerning property specs, mortgages, and the general economy are discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Canadaho.wps

Downsizing’s Effects on the Real Estate Market : 9 pages in length. Certainly the real estate industry, both residential and commercial segments, were greatly affected by the downsizing waves on either side of the year of 1990, as were many others. With the sustained growth of the national economy, however, many of those depreciated properties have now regained and even surpassed their former values. The private owners and real estate developers suffered, but we all really did, too. We’re growing now, and we even have the added benefit of lessons learned from the effects of downsizing. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Downsize.doc

Exchange Rate Management : The volatility of exchange rates can cause substantial problems for U.S. companies as they begin to import and export in foreign currencies. This 9 page research paper examines currency exchange, currency contracts, foreign currency accounts, rate options, and more. Bibliography lists approximately 10 sources. Excrate2.wps (mgt,finance corp)

(The) Exchange Rate Regime : A 15 page paper discussing issues concerning trade and the exchange rate regime in a rapidly-changing post-Communist world. Various sub-issues such as the effects of exchange rate-fixing are examined in depth. This research paper is significantly more complex than excrate2.wps (above) and should only be considered by those knowledgeable of advanced economics/finance issues. Paper includes several charts and a bibliography listing approximately 20 sources. Excrater.wps

International Exchange Rates / Formulas : This 17 page research essay describes and explains the factors involved in determining international exchange rates using Krugman's formulas as a point of reference and emphasis. The Bretton-Woods Agreement is first described in terms of its articles referring to exchange rates; the collapse of Bretton-Woods is discussed along with the results of the breakdown in the system. Target Zones have been widely discussed as the upper and lower boundaries within which to hold the exchange rates; Krugman is the first to offer formulas to describe the dynamics of money within target zones. His formulas are presented and explained. Bibliography lists 7 sources. ExchnRts.doc

The Falling U.S. Dollar : 5 pages on the fall of the U.S. dollar. Discussed are its detriments and benefits; particularly with regard to U.S. foreign investment. No Bibliography. Falldola.wps

Fleet Bank and Its Many Mergers : A short and simple 3 page overview of Fleet Bank and its various bank merger activities. Bibliography lists 4 comprehensive sources. Fleet.wps

Investment Banking : A 7 page paper on Investment Banking. The writer provides some insight into precisely what Investment banking is, gives a little history of investment banking, and discussed some current investment banking issues. Bibliography included. Bank.doc

(The) G.D.P. : 5 pages on late 1995/early 1996 trends in the G.D.P. Interest rates, housing starts, retail, etc; are examined. Bibliography lists 9 sources. GDP.wps

The Gross Domestic Product As A Measure Of Economic Wealth : A 3 page paper on the differences between GDP and GNP. The writer also talks about why the GDP is not an accurate measure of economic wealth, and what would be some things that we could do differently Gdp.doc

The Federal Reserve, CPI and Open Market Sales : A 5 page paper that discusses recent action taken by the Federal Reserve in regards to inflation. The Federal Reserve has utilized the CPI figures to deny the need to reduce interest rates because of the immediate perception that inflation is not currently occurring. At the same time, the Federal Reserve also purchased a significant number of Treasuries in an action reflecting the need of more money in the current economic system, reflected by seasonal need. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Reserves.wps

The Federal Reserve System Effect on Consumer Interest Rates : A 6 page economic analysis of how the Federal Reserve, the nation s central bank, affects interest rates in all areas of consumer activity and can either boost or hold back economic growth by means of interest rate manipulation. Though the Fed is interest rate charged to commercial banks, the discount rate, is the most visible means of economic manipulation, it is by no means the only one available. There are other avenues the Fed can choose, each with varied results but with the same overall effect that of controlling economic growth through interest rates. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Fedres.wps

Interest Rates, Inflation, & The Federal Reserve : 4 pages in length. Still quite useful as a model, this paper discusses how current events during the last quarters of 1995 led the Federal Reserve to push interest rates up higher and increase inflation -- despite warnings from economists to do otherwise. No Bibliography. Infltion.wps

Interest Rate Policy Of The Bank of Japan : 12 pages in length. Until the 1980’s, the Bank of Japan had an active role in implementing government-directed fiscal policy, but as the economy stabilized and seemed to be completely self-sustaining, regulatory influences were increasingly withdrawn. Today, the Bank of Japan is charged mainly with establishing and maintaining interest rates. In that respect, it is comparable to our Federal Reserve. Years of questionable business finance practices have been catching up to Japan faster than Japan can catch up to the consequences. The Bank of Japan’s role has been to keep interest rates artificially low in an attempt to aid commercial banks on the verge of failure, but those interest rates being at such low levels is having other and far-reaching implications for the Japanese economy. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Bankjap.wps

The Conflict Between Credit Unions and Banks / U.S. Supreme Court Level : This 6 page paper describes the ensuing conflict and how it evolved. Issues of self-interest and regulation are briefly discussed as are suggestions for how the situation could or could have been resolved. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Creditu.wps

The Swap Market And Credit Risk : As the market for swaps grows and matures, understanding and measuring the accompanying credit risk remains a concern of bankers, regulators, and corporate users. This 8 page research paper analyzes how swaps are used, provides examples of swaps, pricing of floating & fixed rate packages, and more.These elements are applied in an attempt to answer the question at hand. Tables included. Bibliography lists 9+ sources. Swapscre.wps

Principles Of Finance : This 8 page research paper outlines some of the most fundamental principles of finance and makes an argument in supporting the premise that there are more regularities than anomalies in the financial market place based on the fact that an anomaly so quickly becomes the norm! Bibliography lists 6 sources. Finmarkt.rtf

Financial Principles / More Anomalies Or Regularities ? : This 8 page essay explores the question: are there more anomalies or regularities in the market ? The writer takes the position that there are more regularities and discusses different option pricing models as well as logic to support the assertion. The use of the same formulas for decades is another supporting piece of evidence to support the assertion. Bibliography lists 5 sources. FinMkt.wps

U.S. Monetary Policy in Modern History : An 8 page research paper on monetary policy -- the management of money supply, credit, and interest rates by a government. The writer is particularly concerned with the role that the Federal Reserve plays in determining monetary policy and how such policy evolved in the U.S. during the 1970's and 80's focusing on the strong influence that inflation played during the earlier years. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Monepoli.wps

Influences On Coca-Cola’s Stock Prices : A 7 page case study of Coke’s stock values and the changes that could be expected in it following the death of Roberto Goizueta, industry trends and the effects of ever-present competition from Pepsi. Stock value barely wavered following Goizueta’s death; two weeks later, it was up even higher than before. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Cokepric.wps

The Beta Coefficient : This 5 page paper looks at the beta coefficient in terms of assessing individual stocks and portfolios as well. Other factors in risk evaluation are considered such as incorporating the use of R squareds and standard deviations. Pros and cons of using beta are discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Betacoef.wps

The Internet & Electronic Commerce : A 6 page, definitive overview of electronic commerce and the role the Internet plays in facilitating faster banking and other transactions. Predictions of the National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) are examined as are the views of other leading financial authorities. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Internetcm.wps

Online Investing : A 9 page paper looking at the reinvention of at least one of the financial wheels of our society. Ettorre says, "At intermittent junctures in history, such earth-shattering and revolutionary advances occur that they wipe out what has gone before or change it so profoundly that the world is never the same again. Once our ancestors dimly realized that it was easier to roll something than to drag it…we humans were on our way." It would appear that the same magnitude of change is occurring in investment habits. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Investon.wps

I.P.O.s and Their Tremendous Success on the Stock Market : A 5 page look at several Initial Product/Price Offerings (IPOs) and why they're so effective at attracting investors out to make a 'quick buck.' The writer posits that the biggest winners in 'the IPO game'; are the institutions; brokerage houses (which set aside the shares for their best customers), mutual funds, insurance companies and pension funds that snap up most of the shares of the best IPOs. No Bibliography. Ipo.wps

The Bull Market Of The 1990s : A 5 page paper illustrating that the stock market of recent years has indeed been a bull one. It seems the entire country has been in awe of the performance of the stock market in recent years, and there is talk among economists that the old and classic model of the business cycle might well be obsolete, that "bust" does not always follow "boom." Whether that speculation will prove to be valid or not, the US economy has experienced several straight years of slow and steady growth, with advances in economic indicators each year. The trend toward globalization reduces business’ risk in any given geographical location, and businesses are operating in a more fiscally sound manner than in any other recent time. The factors that have contributed to the long-standing bull market are still in place. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Bull-Mkt.doc

Is The Bull Market Going To Last? : A 5 page paper discussing whether the bear is ever going to return. There are some hard and fast rules within the universe. Until the early 1990s, one had been that the stock market would rise until stock values had reached a point at which they were overvalued in some degree, then they would "correct." We have no reason to believe that rule will not activate in any given year or even tomorrow. But the interval of the cycle has certainly been stretched beyond the limits of anyone’s imagination only a few years ago. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Bullmkt.wps

Managing Interest Rate Risk : 8 pages in length. Citing that bank participation in derivative markets has risen sharply in recent years, the writer discusses interest rate risk and how to manage it with particular application to derivative contracts. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Intrrate.wps

Market Correction Through Governmental Regulation : 8 pages in length. We learn from economics texts that for every economic imbalance that occurs, there is a corrective reaction that occurs to reestablish equilibrium. Those corrective actions are not immediate though, and sometimes they seemingly take forever. Arguing in favor of government control is not to say that businesses need to be regulated in their ability to operate or to make their own decisions, and in fact they need to be encouraged to develop new products and services to be able to remain competitive. Government regulation is required in financial sectors to control those market flaws that cannot be otherwise corrected. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Govtreg.wps

The Money Revolution & America's Infatuation with Interest : A 5 page analytical look at what author and economic analyst Joseph Nocera called "The Money Revolution." The writer examines rising 'interest in interest rates,' the changing financial habits of the middle class, and how the economy has affected a newfound consciousness in which average people are, for the first time in modern history, genuinely concerned about the growth of their personal investments. Excellent analysis is provided into the role of money market funds, varying interest rates, and more. No Bibliography. Monybank.wps

Rising Interest Rates : 3 page essay providing a basic overview of the Federal Reserve and rising interest rates. No Bibliography. Fedresph.wps

Option Volatility and Pricing : A 7 page essay reviewing Sheldon Natenberg's book, "Option Volatility and Pricing." This is one of the most widely read books in the stock market. Sections include: language to know and understand; what are call and put options; how volatility is determined; different elements to consider before entering this market. Optionv.wps

The Babson Value Fund : A 9 page paper analyzing the performance of Babson Value Fund, a low-risk, top-performing mutual fund over the period of 8/1/92 through 8/1/97, and then comparing that analysis to the performance of the Dow Jones Industrial Average over the same period. Babson Value is a stock fund of the growth and income category. As such, its growth in Net Asset Value (NAV), the value of one of its shares, has closely followed that of the Dow for the same period. The paper briefly glances at the Dow’s flirt with the "impossible" mark of 3000 in 1990 and 1991 and includes historical leading economic indicator indices. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Babson.wps

Fidelity Select Home Finance Mutual Fund : An 8 page search for an aggressive-growth mutual fund for the purpose of serving the long-term needs of a late-20’s investor with a mid-30’s salary. Funds heavily weighted along the lines of the leading economic indicators of the US, while beneficial for those investors seeking only income or limited growth and income, most likely will decline in their ability to provide their former high rates of return in aggressive growth. Healthcare and financial applications are expected only to grow, however. One of those funds is the balanced, aggressive-growth fund of Fidelity Select Home Finance. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Fund.wps

How To Lose In The Stock Market : A 6 page essay on the folly of attempts on the part of the small investor in trying to reinvent the wheel in investing in the stock market by trying to "beat the odds" and ignore every sound investment practice. Though market investing is a proven method of building true wealth, it takes common sense and a commitment of time. Market-generated wealth is not a quick-turnaround reality. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Stockm.wps

The Salomon Brother Scandal / Wall Street Prosecutes ! : A 9 page paper on the Salomon Brothers Scandal of the early 1990's in which a prestigious trading firm was caught submitting $15.5 billion in phony bids to buy more U.S. government bonds and notes than it was allowed. The writer discusses SEC involvement, the firm's quick own restoration of its good name and some of the recommendations posed for preventing the occurrence of another scandal in the future. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Salomon.wps

Wall Street / Ethical Issues Presented : A 7 page paper that describes the moral and ethical dilemmas presented to Bud Fox in the movie "Wall Street." One of the major themes in the movie is the issue of being a moral individual in an amoral organization, and Bud's character and the character of Gekko provide the essence of his discussion. Wallstre.wps

Has Negative Publicity Affected Tobacco Companies’ Stock Prices? : An 8 page research paper investigating the ways in which negative publicity might have affected the performance of the nation’s top two tobacco companies in the stock market. Some analysts have said that the companies’ stockholders are bearing the brunt of the rash of lawsuits and multi-billion dollar settlements in questions of tobacco-related health concerns and that the losses are "unfair" to the long-time investors. Philip Morris, the leading cigarette manufacturer, consistently posts gains and their three-year stock performance mirrors that of the DOW Industrials. RJR Nabisco posts performance that wanders all over a graph. The paper concludes that management practice is costing some stockholders even more than billion-dollar settlements. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Smokemkt.wps

The Effects of Yield Management on the Fortunes of the U.S. Airline Industry : A 9 page paper on the positive financial effects that yield management pricing has had on the major airlines of the U.S., exhibited by a $2.5 billion industry-wide profit after posting losses of over $13 billion over the previous four years combined. With the major airlines’ increased financial health, they are better able to compete not only with each other, but against the newer, smaller airlines that would like to create a secondary market in areas not well-served by the major carriers. The major airlines, however, are using all their new-found financial might to drive the smaller ones out of their markets and then follow with increased fares when the threat of competition is gone. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Yieldmgt.wps

Donaldson Lufkin & Jenrette : 12 pages in length. Donaldson Lufkin & Jenrette is one company that turns the phrase "big business" into a totally inadequate understatement: they boast total capital of over $3.46 billion and total assets of over $55.56 billion. DLJ is involved in every facet of commercial finance endeavor ranging from investment banking to stock brokering to asset management to institutional equities to emerging markets to any other imaginable aspect of commercial financial operation. The many separate businesses that comprise DLJ fall into three groups: Financial Services, Capital Markets and Banking. The one discussed in depth is their online investment trading services. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Lufkin.wps

Budgeting Management At Dial Corporation : A 9 page paper relating the actions and the performance of Dial Corp. to their budgeting management system. The paper gives an overview of some budgeting management systems such as incremental, project-based, relevant-cost and performance-based. It determines that the system in place at the time Dial spun off its most recognizable products to a new company, Viad, was most heavily weighted to the incremental system and recommends that the company ensure the use of a system with more accountability, such as the relevant-cost approach. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Dialsoap.wps

Bankruptcy At Federated Department Stores / What Campeau Could Have Done : A 5 page paper speculating how Federated Department Stores could have avoided filing Chapter 11 in 1989. Of course it’s always easier to see what could have been done than it is to have a completely clear view of the best long-term course of action when making a decision, but seeing the way is never clear through the fog of massive ego and arrogance. Robert Campeau wanted Federated Department Stores, and he wasn’t going to let a little thing like knowing nothing of the retail business stop him. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Fedepst.wps

Management Theorist -- Dr. William G. Ouchi / His Life & Work : A 5 page research paper on William Ouchi, author of Theory Z: How American Management Can Meet the Japanese Challenge. Dr. Ouchi is a graduate school management professor at UCLA who is both academically and civilly active. His best known work, Theory Z, was published in 1981 when American business was still scratching their collective heads in trying to understand the Japanese advantage. Dr. Ouchi pointed out that advantage, which was revealed to be a Japanese commitment to democratic leadership that resulted in increased quality, increased productivity and decreased costs while making workers at all levels full partners in business. In short, the underlying management philosophies inherent in any successful Total Quality Management (TQM) application. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Ouchi.wps

The Job Of Security Analysts & Researchers : A 5 page report on careers centered in the sales and trade of securities, specifically the career of security analyst/researcher. The industry involves both those sales agents working for specific customers and those more behind-the-scenes economic analysts whose responsibility it is to analyze both the current performance of specific stocks and forecast the specific stock’s likely path of growth in both the short- and long-term future. The paper includes education levels required and salaries that can be expected at various levels within the industry, including the salary effect of advanced degrees. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Stockjob.doc

Article Review / Technical Analysis For The Stock Market : A 3 page review of an article in the Wall Street Journal entitled: Technical Analysis Successfully Tests Old Resistance Level of Fundamentalists. The article cites successful uses of technicals and also offers opposing opinions. Techs.wps

Wall Street Journal Article Review / Thrift Charters : A 3 page review of an article entitled, "Brokers, Insurers Queue Up for Thrift Charters." The article is a bit confusing but it does offer some information on thrift charters and how a thrift differs from a bank. The Federal Charter would place thrifts in a good competitive position with banks. The reviewer offers a synopsis of the article. Thrift.wps

Alex C. Michalos On STET, Currency Exchange, & World Poverty : A 14 page paper that addresses Alex Michalos' hope for erasing world poverty through reforms in revenue budgets for the U.S., Canada and the world. Michalos' arguments are addressed, including counterpoints and his response. The paper posits that Michalos' arguments are adequately supported. Bibliography lists 1 source. Stet.wps

*Want a paper on the Japanese Stock Market Crash ? Click Here for a Description !

ACCOUNTING
& PERSONAL FINANCE

"Cost Accounting" by V. Daniel Hunt : A 5 page paper that discusses the topic of Hunt's book. This paper provides an overview of basic cost accounting structures and considers the importance of cost accounting as it relates to corporate decision-making processes. Costacct.wps

"Relevence Regained" / From Top-Down Control to Botttom-Up Empowerment : A 5 page review of H. Thomas Johnson's book that explains the historical significance of managerial business practices and the impact that accounting managment has had only company development. This book is divided into three distinct sections; the first deals with the history and problems inherent in accounting managment, the second poses options, and the third section explores the future of business education as it relates to business managment systems. Accounti.wps

How To Prepare An Individual Federal Tax Return : A 10 page paper that gives a systematic approach to preparing an individual income tax return. This paper divides the task into 4 specific and necessary areas: 1. preparing for the task, 2. the organization of information 3. studying the tax booklets 4. the actual task. The paper presents a line by line disciption of how to complete a 1040 tax return. Bibliography lists 7+ sources. Taxprep.wps

Corporate Reorganization and Tax Laws : A 7 page paper focusing on some of the considerations necessary for a productive corporate reorganization as seen from an accountant’s viewpoint. Some of the terms addressed are: valuation (extensively), assumption of liabilities, net operating loss carryovers, capital loss carryovers and tax planning consideration. The writer presents Hallmark’s tax-savings strategies on corporate real estate and Federated Department Store’s (Bloomingdale’s) acquisition of Macy’s in 1994 as relevant examples. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Taxlaws.wps

Tax Reform & How It May Affect Auditing Practice : A 7 page paper discussing the effects of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 on auditing activities. Following congressional hearings on the abuses of the Internal Revenue Service directed toward taxpayers over the past recent years and under the influence of the lowest federal budget deficit in thirty years, a measure of tax reform was signed into law in August, 1997, effective during the 1997 tax year. Along with further complicating tax filing and tax planning, the 1997 reform has also further complicated associated auditing duties on both the paying and receiving sides. Bibliography lists eight sources. Taxaudit.wps

Environmental Accounting : A 12 page paper in which the writer examines the increasingly necessity for effective environmental accounting in light of changing policies in support of environmental accountability. As the national trend moves towards "green accounting," many companies, especially high impact firms in the oil industry, have had to concentrate greater efforts towards their processes of envirnomental accounting. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Envacc.wps

Forensic Accounting : A 5 page paper discussing forensic accounting, what it is, why there is a need for forensic accountants, what they are trained to do, how they go about it, as well as salary ranges. Also cites two different cases of criminals brought to justice by forensic accountants. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Foracc.wps

FASB & New Regulations : A 9 page paper. The FASB is charged with formulating standards for accounting reporting, dictating the form and structure of the annual reports every public company must file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), superficially it would seem that there would be very little need for any change in form or even that form would be dictated at all except for the purposes of uniformity. The fact is, however, that accounting standards do change in response to changing business practices and environments. The decade of the 1990s has witnessed more of that change in business practice more than at any other time, and the FASB has been busy trying to keep up. Bibliography 8 sources. Fasb.wps

Income Recognition Procedures : A 5 page paper discussing the new issues in the income recognition procedures. The writer explains the current trends in income recognition procedures. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Incomere.wps

Financial Accounting : A 5 page overview of financial accounting. Discusses balance sheets, taxing, auditing, etc; Bibliography contains 5 references. Actngfin.wps

The Principles of Accounting : A 5 page paper discussing the accounting profession. The writer explains accounting principles and procedures. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Acctn.wps

Human Behavior in Managerial Accounting : A 17 page paper on the effects that human behavior has upon a managerial accounting system. The writer includes some basic accounting principles, and discusses how they are, and could be, effected by human behavior. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Humanb.wps

Managerial Accounting : A 20 page paper that provides an overview of the issues related to changing technologies, increasing competition and the role of management accounting in a competitive manufacturing sector. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Manac.wps

Human Resource Management in Egyptian CPA Firm : A 20 page paper that provides an overview of the related economic issues in Egypt, the issues prevalent to human resources management, and then applies them to CPA firms in Egypt. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Cpaegypt.wps

Principles Of Money Management : This 10 page paper provides an overview of managing income, particularly for the young investor. Included are subjects such as the importance of creating a financial plan, the nuts and bolts of budgeting and the importance of planning for retirement. The new Roth IRA is considered as an option. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Basics.wps

Personal Finance / Estate Planning : Paper studies the importance of estate/will planning in personal finance. The writer discusses a number of personal issues including reasons for estate planning, procedures, and so forth. Legal issues, taxes, and other possible pitfalls are examined so that the reader will walk away with a more competent knowledge/understanding of estate planning as it relates to finance/law. E statepl.wps

Personal Finance/ Whole Life vs. Decreasing Term Insurance Policies : 12 pages in length. A good discussion of Life Insurance, particularly Whole Life Insurance,-- and some of the problems associated with its sale. The writer discusses how many Insurance Agents have been known to "con" or mislead their customers into buying Whole Life policies. An excellent presentation is made as to the problems of having such a policy with regard to its cost-related headaches and associated financial difficulties. An argument is made in favor of Decreasing Term policies as an alternative and the writer recommends comparing the return on the investment portion of any Whole Life policy to a Decreasing Term policy. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Lifeinsu.wps

The Theory Of Constraints Applied To The Non-Profit Organization: A 5 page paer applying the conclusions of Eli Goldratt, the father of the theory originally based in manufacturing systems. Eli Goldratt’s work in scheduling systems for manufacturing operations brought him to a study of manufacturing bottlenecks, where an otherwise smoothly-flowing system can break down and destroy projected scheduling plans. To this idea he gave the name of Theory Of Constraints (TOC). Goldratt published The Goal, a novel in which manufacturing bottlenecks played a prime role, in the mid 1980s. From that, he developed the idea of TOC and the idea of throughput, a concept that increasingly is used in accounting for the not-for-profit organization. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Constrai.wps

GENERAL ECONOMICS &
ECONIMIC THEORY

"Advantages and Disadvantages for Acme's Development Contracts" : A 5 page discussion/ case study discussing the advantages and disadvantages of different types of development contracts for both a customer, ACME Trucking Co., and to a software developer. Discussed are issues such as cost-plus contracting and fixed price contracting. No bibliography. Acmecost.wps

Charts Illustrating Economic Statistical Trends : 5 pages worth of trend charts displaying 1998 U.S. economic data. One chart displays the national deficit in a bar graph over the course of five years; others display trade statistics, in general and also for the Philippines and U.S. specifically. Several economic indicators are displayed each with a brief synopsis. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Charts.wps

Macroeconomics, Value Of Combined Theories : A 7 page comparison of classical and monetarist macroeconomics. The writer argues that while economists remain in divided camps, in application, the two theories are combined, along with the growth theory of rational expectations, a monetarist offshoot. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Macroeco.wps

Economics / Supply and Demand : A 7 page paper that utilizes basic principles of economics, including supply and demand, the law of diminishing returns, and profit maximization to demonstrate an example of a company's manufacturing and sales plans. This paper includes three diagrams that show supply and demand curves for a sample company. No citations. Supplyde.wps

Econometric Models and Economic Forecasting : A 5 page paper that considers the impact of econometric models on the process of economic forecasting, providing a number of specific examples to illustrate points made. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Econmod.wps

Market Correction Through Governmental Regulation : 8 pages in length. We learn from economics texts that for every economic imbalance that occurs, there is a corrective reaction that occurs to reestablish equilibrium. Those corrective actions are not immediate though, and sometimes they seemingly take forever. Arguing in favor of government control is not to say that businesses need to be regulated in their ability to operate or to make their own decisions, and in fact they need to be encouraged to develop new products and services to be able to remain competitive. Government regulation is required in financial sectors to control those market flaws that cannot be otherwise corrected. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Govtreg.wps

Bankruptcy & Legal Issues : 12 pages in length. Writer provides a comprehensive overview of Bankruptcy, the Bankruptcy Code, the Federal Bankruptcy Revision, the differences between Chapter 11 and Chapter 13, etc;. Writer uses the case of Orange County, California, a government body that filed for Bankruptcy in the mid-1990's. Bibliography lists 20 sources. Bankrupt.wps

The Everyday Effects of the International Marketplace : A 5 page research paper on how the global economy affects Americans every day. The writer details job loss, changes in industries, political implications, and what consumer goods are available. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Intnlmkt.wps

Production Economics : A 12 page discussion of factors which relate to profit maximation. Includes economic formulas and a discussion of isoquant curves and their relationship to economic modeling. Bibliography lists six sources. Prodedo.wps

Major Theories of Economic Growth : 11 pages defining and analytically discussing the 4 major theories of economic growth and the theories behind them. Specifically discussed are the neoclassical view, Keynesianism, the monetarist view, and the longwave schumpeter ideology. Free outline included. No Bibliography. Econgrow.wps

Keynes On Employment, Money, & Interest : A 5 page paper that explores Keynes' contributions to economic theory, historically and how they have applied to American and global economics. The paper posits that some of his theories have been misused ethically in designing corporate and world economies, but that his original goals for his theories were ethical. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Keynes.wps

Economic Theory / Keynesian And Hayekian Comparison : A 30 page paper that compares the two philosophies and how they are both applied to global economics today in regards to investment and savings. The paper presents each of the two philosophies in regards to subjectivism and rationalism/nonrationalism (chaotic order), and looks at how these affect the current environment. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Keynhyek.wps

Participatory Economics : A 30 page paper on the definition, historical perspective, development and application of particpatory economics in Japan and Islam. The paper posits that this signifies a change from the absolutist politics of Keynesian economics, while incorporating those and other economic theories through history. The reason postulated is that diverse cultures require diverse economic policies, although the guiding policy in this world is capitalism. Capitalism is discussed in relationship to several facets of participatory economics, particularly by theorist. Bibliography lists 16 sources. Radecon.wps

Quesnay and Marx : A 16 page paper that compares the pre-capitalist and socialist views of these two theorists. The paper particularly reviews their work in light of labor, property and surplus and looks at the finer similarities and contrasts between these points. The paper briefly looks at how the antecedents of these theories have been passed down to the current age. It also posits that although economists are reviewing various historical theories in an attempt to identify the answers raised by global democratization and poverty issues, the answers to these problems do not reside in historical theories or their synthesis. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Qmarx.wps

(The) Economics of Management : 8 pages containing a series of short essays which pertain to economics and its role in contemporary corporate management. Various advanced-level terms are thoroughly defined. Econtest.wps

Economic Geography / Textbook Synopsis : 8 pages worth of notes reviewing key concepts presented in a standard Economic Geography textbook. Topics are explored from global perspectives. Econgeog.wps

Experimental Economics : A 5 page research paper exploring the history and use of experimental economics in today's world. While the history of experiments is long in the field of economics, it is only in the last decade that the evidence collected has received any credibility, thus its uses are becoming wide-spread stretching into all arenas. One of those arenas is corporate takeover. It is clear this can be a valuable process to use in these decisions. Expecon.wps

The Effects Of Technology Shocks On The Business Cycle : An 8 page research paper based on the article "On the Contribution of Technology Shocks to Business Cycles" published in 1997. With the continued growth of the economy after 7 years of steady expansion, some economists were claiming that the classic business cycle is obsolete. Economists said that once before, too—in 1969, just before the worldwide recession of the early 1970s. The theory is that technological advances have forestalled the expected downturn of the business cycle. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Buscycle.wps

Effects of the Persian Gulf War on the U.S. Economy : A 5 page paper documenting the residual affects of the Persian Gulf War on the U.S. economy in which the writer explores three specific economic affects: the cost required to repair damage done to Iraqi and Kuwaiti civilians to restore livelihood in the region; the financial obligation the U.S. has to its troops suffering from Gulf War syndrome; and the misrepresented information provided to the government that allowed for the allotment of over $80 billion in increased defense spending directed towards "smart" bomb technologies. Bibliography lists 7 supporting sources. Gulfware.wps keyword : desert storm

Economic Transformation In The United States : A 15 page paper that considers the importance of the transformation of the U.S. economy from a manufacturing basis to one determined by the current information/technology focus. This paper demonstrates the effects on corporate structures, including the impacts of the transition on capital formation. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Capform.wps

The Gross Domestic Product As A Measure Of Economic Wealth : A 3 page paper on the differences between GDP and GNP. The writer also talks about why the GDP is not an accurate measure of economic wealth, and what would be some things that we could do differently Gdp.doc

The State of the Economy / 2Q 1997 : A 5 page paper examining the state of the US economy just before the beginning the government’s 1998 fiscal year. For seven years, the economy had been in a growth phase but also with the lowest rate of unemployment since 1973 and an inflation rate of only 2.2%. Things had been so good for so long that some mainstream economists claimed the standard model of the business cycle was obsolete, a statement made by an MIT economist in 1969 just before the advent of the worldwide recession of the early 1970s. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Ec1997.wps

Life & Contributions of Economist Thomas Robert Malthus : A 7 page paper on the eighteenth-century British economist. Following an argument over what he felt to be the unrealistically rosy progressivism of Godwin and Condorcet, Malthus wrote an essay on the Principle of Population which essentially founded the study of demographics and has continued to exert influence down to the present day. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Malthus.wps

How Unemployment Affects the Economy : A 10 page paper which presents the economic condition of the world based on unemployment. The paper presents the poor unemployment conditions of England, France, and Spain, with Spain's unemployment as high as 22 percent and states the effects this has on those countries ability to compete in the global marketplace and internal ills. By comparison, the paper presents the productivity of the United States, its low unemployment figures, despite downsizing and cost reductions, and how this affects its economic status on the world front. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Unemecon.wps

The Bull Market Of The 1990s : A 5 page paper illustrating that the stock market of recent years has indeed been a bull one. It seems the entire country has been in awe of the performance of the stock market in recent years, and there is talk among economists that the old and classic model of the business cycle might well be obsolete, that "bust" does not always follow "boom." Whether that speculation will prove to be valid or not, the US economy has experienced several straight years of slow and steady growth, with advances in economic indicators each year. The trend toward globalization reduces business’ risk in any given geographical location, and businesses are operating in a more fiscally sound manner than in any other recent time. The factors that have contributed to the long-standing bull market are still in place. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Bull-Mkt.doc

Is The Bull Market Going To Last? : A 5 page paper discussing whether the bear is ever going to return. There are some hard and fast rules within the universe. Until the early 1990s, one had been that the stock market would rise until stock values had reached a point at which they were overvalued in some degree, then they would "correct." We have no reason to believe that rule will not activate in any given year or even tomorrow. But the interval of the cycle has certainly been stretched beyond the limits of anyone’s imagination only a few years ago. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Bullmkt.wps

Economic Conditions in 1990 and 1996: A 9 page paper comparing the economy of 1990 with that of 1996. The recession of 1990-1991 was a particularly distressing one, and consumer confidence did not readily return at the end of the recession. In fact, consumer confidence did not cease falling until nearly a year after the end of the recession. By 1996, consumer confidence appeared to be stable, but they still had not returned to their prior spending habits. Closer examination reveals that while unemployment and inflation were low, real disposable income had failed to keep up with costs. Consumers were spending less than before 1990 simply because there was less to spend. Bibliography lists 6 sources. E9096.wps

Unemployment Rates In The Prosperous Economy: A 5 page paper looking at what is really happening with the unemployment rates in this country. While Europe hovers in double digits, unemployment is at its lowest here in 24 years. The result has been a pronounced labor shortage in the lower-paying industries and an increase in hourly rates. As employers of mostly-skilled workers begin to cut back, employers of the relatively unskilled find themselves with a new and more qualified labor pool, leaving the bottom end of the spectrum out of jobs once again. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Unemplyd.wps

Interest Rates’ Real Track : A 5 page paper examining just where interest rates might go. Since 1991, the US economy has been in a slow, steady expansion mode that seems to have no inclination to stop any time soon. Forecasted growth consistently is 2.5 to 3.5 percent; observed growth is consistently higher, but still only slightly above 4 percent. That rate is not one that needs to be curbed in order to control inflation, and in fact, inflation incredibly seems to be controlling itself. The only valid reason for increasing interest rates is to prevent the economy from growing so quickly that inflation begins to escalate, so it is unlikely that there will be any increase in either short- or long-term rates, but it is possible that they will decline even further. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Interate.wps

An Increased Minimum Wage Promotes Growth : An 8 page, argumentative paper in which the writer presents sound economic reasons for the minimum wage to be raised. Statistical and historic analysis are provided and counter-arguments are refuted. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Miniwage.wps

Minimum Wage Increase and Inflation : A comprehensive 10 page paper analyzing differing macroeconomic viewpoints about minimum wage increase. The writer explains various angles of the issue of minimum wage, and includes charts to show statistical comparisons. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Minimpa.wps

Economic Impact of Mortgages : This 6 page paper discusses various types of mortgages currently on the market as well as the economic ramifications of these instruments. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Mortgage.wps

Inflation & Basic Economic Theory : Basic economic theories behind inflation are explored in this 9 page paper that focuses upon recessions, trends, predictability, etc.; Different perspectives are covered and the ideas of numerous economists are compared. Natural rate theory examined in-depth. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Inflation.wps

Riverboat Gambling And The Economy : A 6 page paper on the issue of riverboat casinos. The writer examines the various pros and cons associated with this controversial topic. It is ultimately determined that the economic positives of allowing riverboat gambling far outweigh the few societal negatives. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Riverboa.wps

ECONOMIC HISTORY

*Be Sure to Also Check Out the Section Above-- Your paper might be in there instead!

A History of Economic Thought & Theory : A 15 page paper that explores marginalism through monetary economics. The paper considers supply and demand elasticity, price/quantity equilibrium, internal/external economics, trends, and quantity theory of money. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Ecohist.wps

The American Free Banking System : A 5 page essay highlighting the emergence of the Free Banking System in early U.S. history. Specifically cited is the Act of 1792 which would ultimately create the U.S. Mint. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Amerbank.wps

America's Economic History : 4 page essay on the basics of economic conquest and productivity in 18th century America (includes Colonial times). No Bibliography. Econamer.wps

After The American Revolution / Economic Trouble : A 15 page discussion of the economic impact of the American Revolution. The writer presents material regarding the structure of the various governmental entities, the issuance of a large variety of paper currency and debt documents which served as currency, and the plight of the American farmer. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Amerrev.wps

Alexander Hamilton's Economic Policies : A 5 page research paper on Hamilton's proposals to encourage confidence in the government financially and encourage commerce. The writer details the controversies on funding, assumption, the National Bank, and the Report on Manufactures. Bibliography lists 2 sources. Alham.wps

History of the Stock Market : A 12 page paper on the development of the stock market in the United States from its colonial foundations, through the boisterous days of the nineteenth century, to the computerized transactions of today. The writer discusses both the 1929 crash and the 1987 crash-- providing an analysis of each. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Stock.wps

The Great Depression (1929) / Analysis : A 4 page paper that considers the impacts and long term ramifications of the Great Depression, while also considering its inevitablity. This paper explores the precursors to the stock market crash of 1929 that initiated the financial devastation and also the effects on national and international economics. Bibliography lists 2 sources. Greatd.wps

Media Deception During The Great Depression : An 8 page essay on the deceptively optimistic attitude adopted by the press and movie industry before and during the Great Depression of the 1930’s. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Grdepr.wps

Stock Market Crashes / 1929 vs. 1987 : Focusing mostly upon arguments presented in John Kenneth Galbraith's "1929 : The Great Crash," the writer of this 5 page paper discusses how the infamous stock market crash which set off the Great Depression-- had quite a bit in common with the more recent crash of 1987. Specific macro-economic similarities are pointed out and relevant conclusions are drawn. Bibliography lists 2 sources. Stokcrs2.wps

The Stock Market Crash of 1929 -- Could It Happen Again ? / Book Review : In this 6 page paper, the writer attempts to answer this very question based on findings presented in J. Kenneth Galbraith's "1929 : The Great Crash." Similarities between the crashes of 1929 and 1987 are pointed out and the writer ultimately concludes that another crash not only could happen, --- it probably will happen.. Economic reasons arguing to the contrary are examined as well. No additional sources are cited. Stokcrsh.wps

The Stock Market Crash of 1929 / Book Review : A detailed, 8 page analysis of John Kenneth Galbraith's "1929 : The Great Crash" in which the writer analyzes the economic irony of such an event : Everyone believed the market was performing wonderfully when it crashed.. Some of the reasons for these misperceptions and the sudden "crash" are analyzed. The primary source is cited. Stokcrs3.wps

Stock Market Crash of '29 / Creative Account : A 7 page fictional story of living through the 1929 stock market crash, plus a 2-page commentary on events in the paper and how "my" strong points of common sense pulled "me and my family" through. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Blacktue.doc

(The) Balance of Payments & J.F.K. : Provides a thorough, 8 page overview of factors controlling and inhibiting global trading and the world economy leading upto the Balance of Payments and the reason behind Kennedy's pertinent dilemma. Written mostly from a U.S. perspective. No Bibliography. Balapay.wps

The United States Economy Under JFK in 1963 : A 4 page paper on the history of the U.S. and it's economy under the Kennedy administration. While the paper’s main purpose is to show what the economy was like during the year 1963, it also goes into detail about the Kennedy administration and how the president impacted the economy. No Bibliography. 1963.wps

The United States & Its Economy In 1973 : A 4 page paper on the economy under the Nixon administration. The paper mainly talks about where Richard Nixon took the economy of the United States while also talking about his presidency. No bibliography. 1973.wps

(The) International Monetary Fund (IMF) : A 7 page overview of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in which the writer analyzes the fund's history, purpose, and a number relevant issues that have confronted the U.S. government since. In particular, the problem presented by Mexico's monetary crisis is examined. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Imf.wps

The IMF, Monetary Policy, and Changing Marketplaces : 20 pages in length. A detailed analysis of the International Monetary Fund's creation, purpose, function, etc; The writer examines its effectiveness in promoting international cooperation, how it maintains orderly exchange arrangements, facilitates multilateral agreements, and so forth. Of particular interest here is the changing role that the IMF plays in the new post-Communist global marketplace. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Imfmone.wps

History Of The International Monetary Fund : A 29 page paper that documents the history and development of the International Monetary Fund from its inception in 1944 to the current practices of the day. Included in this discussion are two major transitioning points for the IMF that transformed the policies of the institution as well as a number of example of how the IMF has been utilized in its new structure over the past 10 years. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Monefund.wps

Life & Contributions of Economist Thomas Robert Malthus : A 7 page paper on the eighteenth-century British economist. Following an argument over what he felt to be the unrealistically rosy progressivism of Godwin and Condorcet, Malthus wrote an essay on the Principle of Population which essentially founded the study of demographics and has continued to exert influence down to the present day. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Malthus.wps

Leverage Buyouts Of The 80's Vs. Medieval Times : In this thoughtful 4 page essay, the writer makes comparisons between the role of the stirrup (horse & saddle) during the Middle Ages and the leverage buyout of the 1980's (U.S. economic history). It is argued that in the Middle Ages, the need for a Cavalry presented itself in order to protect the lords and the system of feudalism. Without such Cavalry, the system would collapse and those who held the power and the wealth would cease to hold it. In the 1980s, the conditions were similar. During that time period an overwhelming sense of greed and a thirst for power took hold among those in the stock market, or those who had control of the money and the economy. Bibliography lists 2 sources. Stirrup.wps

Reaganomics : A 10 page paper that considers the positive impact of Reaganomics on the American economic climate of the 1980s. This paper determines that not only did Reagan face a difficult and already determine economic path set by years of mismanagement, but the systems that were implemented under his Administration were the most significant economic changes created in decades. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Footnotes included. Reag.wps

U.S. Economy & Industrialization : A 7 page essay discussing the developing U.S. economy in the wake of an emerging Industrial society (writer goes as far back as the late 1860's and upto the mid- 1930's). No Bibliography. Amerecon.wps

Charles Beard's Economic Interpretation of the U.S. Constitution : A 5 page paper on Charles Beard's economic interpretation of the U.S. Constitution. The paper discusses background philosophy, economic background of the nation during the formation years, Hamilton's contributions and Madison's contribution. Bibliography includes one source. Chbeard.wps

The U.S. Economy / Where Do We Stand ? : A 5 page paper on the state of global economics. The writers discusses where the U.S. stands in the world of economics and the likelihood of it being able to maintain it's rank as the global economic leader. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Woreco.wps

Making the US More Competitive In The 90’s : An 11 page paper containing 3 proposed courses of action for making the US more economically competitive, written from the view of 1989. While overwhelmed with our own internal economic and employment problems, there has been much too little attention paid to the economic changes around the world. Some of the first, and ongoing, steps we need to take is to increase worker productivity, bring our public education in line with that of world leaders, and greatly increase the quality of the goods manufactured in the US. Bibliography cites 9 sources, most from pre-1990. Eco1990s.wps

The Bull Market Of The 1990s : A 5 page paper illustrating that the stock market of recent years has indeed been a bull one. It seems the entire country has been in awe of the performance of the stock market in recent years, and there is talk among economists that the old and classic model of the business cycle might well be obsolete, that "bust" does not always follow "boom." Whether that speculation will prove to be valid or not, the US economy has experienced several straight years of slow and steady growth, with advances in economic indicators each year. The trend toward globalization reduces business’ risk in any given geographical location, and businesses are operating in a more fiscally sound manner than in any other recent time. The factors that have contributed to the long-standing bull market are still in place. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Bull-Mkt.doc

Economic Conditions in 1990 and 1996: A 9 page paper comparing the economy of 1990 with that of 1996. The recession of 1990-1991 was a particularly distressing one, and consumer confidence did not readily return at the end of the recession. In fact, consumer confidence did not cease falling until nearly a year after the end of the recession. By 1996, consumer confidence appeared to be stable, but they still had not returned to their prior spending habits. Closer examination reveals that while unemployment and inflation were low, real disposable income had failed to keep up with costs. Consumers were spending less than before 1990 simply because there was less to spend. Bibliography lists 6 sources. E9096.wps

Improving Economic Competitiveness : An 8 page paper discussing three pre-1990 propositions for enabling the U.S. to effectively compete economically on the world stage. These three propositions are conversion to the metric system, support of common currency, and trade dumping laws. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Econcomp.wps

Will US Prosperity Continue? : A 7 page paper asking this same question that economists ask. In the fourth quarter of 1997, rumors are circulating that perhaps the classic business cycle is an obsolete model, that globalization has had such an impact that the old model is no longer relevant. It is true that the US economy is in the longest period of expansion of the century. The question is whether it will continue or whether it will come to an abrupt and devastating halt within the next two or three years. Bibliography lists nine sources. Prosper.wps

*Also Be Sure To Check Out Our "Economic Issues" Section Below

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
& FINANCE

Economics, Business and International Trade in Norway : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of the progression of Norway from an agricultural center to a newly re-emerging force in international trade. This paper demonstrates that Norway's success is related to both international policies and national policies that have both contributed to economic successes there. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Norway.wps

Economic Policies Of The Grecian P.A.S.O.K : An 8 page essay examining the economic policies of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (Panhellinion Socialistiko Kinima-PASOK), the style of Greek government first put into place in the 1970’s but brought to full invasiveness under the leadership of Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou beginning in 1982. Originally intended to pull Greece up to the economic levels of the rest of the European Community nations, PASOK’s pervasiveness grew unchecked and became thoroughly corrupt. With the death of Papandreou in July, 1996, the new government of Costas Simitis hopes to reverse many of the economic policies and practices that have prevented Greek economic growth. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Pasok.wps

Kazakhstan / An Economic History : An 8 page paper on this republic of the former Soviet Union. Its ecomonic history and the subsequent problems that have developed are examined. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Kazak.wps

Polish Stabilization : A 17 page research paper examining the stabilization policies of Poland since the fall of communism in 1989. The measures that Poles imposed on themselves were so severe that they were collectively termed "shock therapy." Inflation rates of nearly 600% combined with an unemployment rate that peaked at nearly 15%, combined with the abrupt end of all the social support programs available under communist rule made life in Poland extremely difficult, yet the people remained steadfast in their determination to "Return to Europe." Though they haven’t yet accomplished their full return, they’re well on their way—observers expect them to gain full membership into the European Community by the year 2000. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Poland.wps

Italian History and Economy : An 10 page research paper investigating the history and economy of Italy. Reviews the political climate as well as economic reforms made in the last several years. Offers data on trade, GDP, and efforts made towards the goal of becoming a founding-member of the EMU. Bibliography includes 6 references. Italy.wps

The Economic Development of Pacific Rim Countries : An 8 page research paper describing the economic situation of the Pacific Rim countries. The writer attempts to explore the effects of war, environment, and politics on the industrial development of these countries. Also covered is the influence of China on industrialization and the role that Western nations play in the ultimate success or failure of these countries. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Pacificr.wps

Economic Impact of Industrial Pollution in Korea : 10 pages in length. The UN says that "trade has the potential to contribute to the highest possible level of global sustainable development, but only if social and environmental aspects are considered along with economic benefits. Attention has thus increasingly turned to the significant impacts of trade on the environment." Korea has the distinction of combining environmental awareness with common sense and an economic slant; Korea’s approach would seem to represent the best of all worlds. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Koreaenv.wps

Singapore’s Business Climate for Foreign Businesses : A 20 page paper written as a report to the UN of conditions affecting the conduct of business by a foreign company in Singapore. Singapore has exercised more prudence than several other of the ASEAN nations in the management of their finances and lending practices, so they are not as adversely affected by the currency crisis as most of the other member states. Singapore is indeed a country in which to conduct profitable business pursuits: the government is sympathetic to the needs of the business community and also places no restrictions on percentages of foreign ownership. The paper contains several tables. Bibliography lists fourteen sources. Singan.wps

Singapore’s Public Administration : A 15 page research paper on the governmental structure of Singapore and the government’s influence in the economic advances of the country. Singapore is no longer a developing nation, having officially crossed over the line into "developed" status in 1996. Their economic level is the highest of all of the region of Southeast Asia, and their per capita income has already surpassed that of both Great Britain and Germany. They are expected to surpass US per capita income in 1997. Singapore’s government has some qualities that the western world sees as oddities, but the west is now giving new attention to the balance the country has achieved in maintaining the benefits of a strong government while avoiding its detriments. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Singadm.wps

The Economy Of Thailand : An 8 page research paper dealing with the economic strifes of Thailand. The writer details Thailand’s economic position, and gives some insight into what has happened, what is happening, and what is planned to happen in Thailand. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Thailand.wps

Comparing the Economies of Indonesia and Thailand : A 10 page research paper comparing the similar tracks of the economies of Indonesia and Thailand over the last thirty years. Thailand’s economic future again holds promise for the country and for their people. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Indothai.wps

Malaysian Case Study/ Vision 2020 : A 7 page case study of the growth of the Malaysian economy over the years between 1985 and 1993. As a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASAN), Malaysia is following the lead of some of ASAN’s pioneers in true economic growth and an improvement in the standard of living of its people through the careful design and implementation of a series of five-year plans. Malaysia’s goal is to become fully developed by the year 2020. The country has had some setbacks along the way, but Malaysia is well on its way to attaining its stated goal. Bibliography lists ten sources. Malaysia.wps

The Rise Of The South Korean Economy : An 8 page research paper which examines South Koreaís phenomenal rise toward economic prosperity. The writer also looks at the current economic crisis in Korea and explores possible reasons behind it. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Risekore.wps.

International Trade Models & Asian Trade / Increasing World Focus : A comprehensive 60 page research paper in which the writer provides an overview of trade in Asia, considers the application of specific trade models, and demonstrates how governmental structures and increasing technologies can impact trade patterns. Bibliography lists 26 sources. Asiatr.wps

Asia’s Currency Crisis : A 7 page paper discussing the currency crisis of several ASEAN nations in terms of Keynesian economic theory. Keynesian economics holds that the central government both can and should intervene in national economic trends to prevent economic crises. Though Malaysia’s prime minister has levied accusations of an international consipiracy to undermine the economies of the ASEAN nations, Singapore remained relatively untouched. Singapore also has a long-standing reputation of being much more cautious in controlling economic growth, rather than being at the mercy of it. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Asiacash.wps

Impact Of Asian Markets On Sweden’s Economy : Sweden’s economic problems are discussed in light of the Asian financial crisis in this 5 page paper. Details concerning specific businesses, primarily in the banking and manufacturing industries, are included. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Swedenec.wps

International Pricing Strategies : A 25 page paper discussing international pricing strategies. Discusses the effects of the euro dollar, exchange rates, emerging markets, barter, and the global marketplace in determining how to establish international pricing for foreign sales. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Pricstra.wps

The Privatization of Brazil / Economic Success : A 12 page paper that provides and overview of the process of Brazilian privatization now underway and considers the impacts of this governmental process. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Brazpri.wps

Brazil’s Two-tiered Economy : A 7 page paper describing the origin and status of Brazil's two-tiered economic state. The presence of a wealthy minority with historical political clout has perpetuated an impoverished underclass. Social upheaval to bring about governmental and social changes are occuring at both public and governmental levels, but much remains to be accomplished. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Brazileco.wps

Banking & The Economy In Guatemala : A 12 page examination of the role of Guatemala’s banking system in the evolution of the country’s economy. The civil war of 36 years’ duration finally came to an end in 1996 and the government seems to have stabilized to the point of being able to accomplish some good for the country. There is still a wide disparity between rich and poor, with little middle class. The banking system has learned some hard lessons in the last 20 years that may serve the country well now. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Guatbank.wps

Economic Growth in Latin America : An 8 page research paper discussing the impact of foreign debt on Latin America's economic growth and development. The writer discusses Mexico, Brazil, & Argentina, --and -- also focuses on the economies and the social implications arising from the foreign debt in these countries. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Latinam2.wps

Free Market Capitalism In Latin America : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of the issues relating to economic development in Latin America. This paper suggest that the assumption that the key to progress in Latin American is the lifting of barriers to free market capitalism has considerable problems when applied to Brazil and Peru. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Latam.wps

Migration, Informal Economic Sector And Neo-Liberalism In Latin America : An essay of 4 pages defining and discussing the three economic terms in relation to Latin American countries and their economies. Bibliography lists 3 sources.. Essay2.wps

The Black Market & Its Role In Argentina : A 12 page examination of the black market in Argentina, its relationship to the stability of the economy and currency, and the phenomena of supply and demand. Bibliography lists nine sources. Blakcm.wps

The Foreign Exchange Black Market In Argentina : A 10 page paper relating some of the extent of the currency black market. Black market activities in Argentina have been habitual since the 1600s, and in today’s economy the black marketers have found that their most logistically sound and most profitable enterprise is that of foreign exchange. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Argent.wps

The Cambodian Business Climate : 9 pages examining the current business climate and how the Cambodian government is working to bring the country into the global market. Of course there are political obstacles, and heavy trafficking in both heroin and prostitution remains, but there are also positive measures being taken by the Cambodian government to bring problem areas under control. The country has applied for membership in ASEAN, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. ASEAN member countries are collectively experiencing the world’s fastest economic growth rate, and Cambodia is eager to fully participate. As the government works to promote political and economic stability, businesses are encouraged to cautiously take part in the growing Cambodian economy. Bibliography lists 21 sources. Cambodia.wps

Chile / Her History and Economic Growth: A 9 page paper that discusses the history, economic basis and current economic trends in Chile. This paper utilizes a number of current resources to consider the economic stability of this country, especially in comparison with a number of other Latin American countries, and determines that Chile's economic stability is its strong point. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Chileeco.wps

Chile’s Readiness for World Trade: A 7 page research paper on Chile’s society, economy and recent governmental history, in which they moved from parliamentary government, to socialism, to military control, to democracy, and all within a period of less than 20 years. Other countries would have dissolved into civil war with such extreme swings in policies, but Chile’s response has been to show an annual economic growth of 7% in each of the last 10 years, following market adjustments after the military government reversed many of socialist Allende’s programs Though Chile is in line to join the NAFTA accords, Washington politics is preventing the active participation. 8 cited references. Chile.wps

Export Promotion -- Comparing the Success Rate in Chile and Costa Rica: A 4 page essay comparing the successes and failures of import substitution industrialization and export promotion manufacturing programs instituted in Chile and Costa Rica in the 1980’s, with Costa Rica as the pilot program. Their successes have taken different paths, not all of which have been expected, but they have both experienced successes, nonetheless. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Costaes.wps

The Impact of Drug Trafficking on Colombian Economy : A 12 page research paper on how the drug trade itself and how Colombia's reputation as a drug trafficking center have impacted the country’s Colombian economy. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Traffcol.wps

Is China Becoming the Next World Economic Super Power? : A 10 page paper looking primarily at late 1990’s economic developments in China, with an eye toward answering the above question. China is in the process of moving from a market-driven socialist economy to one that, while freer, cannot be termed a totally free economy. Already, the economic boom in progress since 1987 has greatly increased the living standard of millions of China’s citizens. The Jiang government is taking active steps to ensure that China continues to enjoy double-digit economic growth while holding inflation at low levels, and they are committed to relieving themselves of all but 1,000 of the 305,000 state-owned enterprises. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Chinabpow.wps

China's Economy : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of China's economy in light of the relationship with the United States and considers the impacts of economic reforms initiated in the 1970s. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Chinaeco.wps`

The Economics Of Hong Kong vs. China : A 25 page paper that strives to demonstrate the differences in the economies between these two cultures. The writer discusses much about the recent reversion of Hong Kong back to Chinese rule, and what effects that will have on its economy and government. Hongchi.wps

Economics In Hong Kong & China : An 8 page research essay discussing aspects of Hong Kong economics in comparison to those of China. While Hong Kong clearly embraces much of Keynesian theory, China continues to operate within a Marxist philosophy. This despite eager study of Western economics theory for the past sixty years. How New Hong Kong will fare in the world market as part of the People's Republic of China is also discussed. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Hongchi.wps

China’s Economic Possibilities : 5 pages in length. Already the largest manufacturer of labor-intensive products in the world, China appears to be poised for nothing more than impressive growth, and is expected to out-perform the anticipated $1.1 trillion GDP of ASEAN by 2010. The good fortune in China is skewed, however, with most of the foreign companies being located in the southern provinces. The region has reached its limits in the numbers of people it can support; the paper takes the position that China should require that future installations be placed around the country. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Chinaecp.wps

US / China Economic Relations : A 10 page paper research paper discussing the present status of US/China economic relations and considering past and present indicators that could impact the future of Sino-American trade. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Uschina.wps

U.S. Financial Foreign Policy and China : A 20 page research paper examining much of the phenomenal growth of China’s economy. There are three basic sections: overall Trade Policy, Foreign Investment Policy and Foreign Exchange Rate Policy. The trade policy section lightly discusses the WTO, of which China is not a member, but deals extensively with the ever-intense issue of renewing China’s Most Favored Nation status. The United States has growing numbers of business concerns within China’s borders, as some of our largest companies seek to take advantage of some of the lowest production costs in the world. Similarly, Taiwan has made the same sort of investment in China’s economy. As U.S. trade deficits show us reaching more of a balance with Taiwan, it is only a paper balance—many of the Taiwan products we import are actually produced now in China, and are called Chinese. Bibliography lists 11 sources. Chinapol.wps

Japan’s Economic Relations Wth China : 15 pages in length. Within the past 50 years, Japan’s economic relations with China have moved from that of warily watching the next move of the giant Communist nation to having China being the greatest recipient of Japan’s available foreign direct investment funds and becoming one of Japan’s most important customers for their export goods. With Japan’s success in manufacturing that has put to shame most of the rest of the industrialized world, they found themselves with an excess of wealth to put to use. Originally focused at buying much of America, Japan has since settled on China as the most worthy recipient of their earned wealth. In response, China has prospered. Bibliography lists 8 sources. JERC.wps

Japan’s Banking Crisis / Fuji Bank : 8 pages in length. The Japanese banking system is too much like that of the US in the early 1930s, and years of questionable financing decisions have finally caught up with many of them. That catching up was well under way before the Asian currency crisis, but that same crisis brought things to the point that they could no longer be ignored. Fuji Bank is one of Japan’s larger banks, but they have not made poor business decisions in the volume of some of their competitors. Fuji Bank has good prospects for as painless a recovery as possible. Bibliography lists 8 sources. JapBank.wps

Japan's Faltering Economy & The Nikkei Index : 4 pages in length. An insightful look at Japan's blundering economy during the mid-1990's. Specifically focusing upon the Nikkei Index, the writer examines the causal factors of its poor performance. Among the many reasons cited are oddly-priced Japanese IPOs, poorly-utilized foreign capital, misdirected government privatization of industry and more. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Nikkei.wps

Japan's Stock Market Crash / "After the Bubble Burst" : A 9 page research paper which focuses on why the stock market crash occurred and how that crash directed effected the lingering recession which followed the Japanese Stock Market Crash. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Crasjapa.wps

Interest Rate Policy Of The Bank of Japan : 12 pages in length. Until the 1980’s, the Bank of Japan had an active role in implementing government-directed fiscal policy, but as the economy stabilized and seemed to be completely self-sustaining, regulatory influences were increasingly withdrawn. Today, the Bank of Japan is charged mainly with establishing and maintaining interest rates. In that respect, it is comparable to our Federal Reserve. Years of questionable business finance practices have been catching up to Japan faster than Japan can catch up to the consequences. The Bank of Japan’s role has been to keep interest rates artificially low in an attempt to aid commercial banks on the verge of failure, but those interest rates being at such low levels is having other and far-reaching implications for the Japanese economy. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Bankjap.wps

Japanese Foreign Direct Investment : 9 pages in length. Among all the currency problems that many regions of the world have witnessed since 1992, "Southeast Asia's situation is more acute. The region does have one major strength: some of the world's highest growth, savings, and investment rates. But like the Latins, Asians had binged on easy-money policies. Now, the Asians--like the Europeans, Mexicans, and even the Japanese--are paying the price. They are also being forced to become more realistic about steps they need to take to keep their economies healthy in the longer term." FDI is a route to even out some of bumps, with the added attraction of contributing to growth in better times. Bibliography lists 12 sources. JapanFDI.DOC

Foreign Investment in Japan : In this 5 page essay, the writer evaluates both external and internal (Primarily F.D.I.) investments in Japan and their feasibility. Japan is regarded as a high-income country with a large domestic market. Based upon library research, some advice & recommendations are given as to how U.S. & other foreign countries should assess and plan their investments in Japan. Japanfdi.wps

Tourism in Latin America / Is It Economically Productive ? : A 13 page report discussing the significance of tourism in two major Latin American countries--Mexico and Costa Rica. The writer discusses the impact tourism has on economic development as well as the social implications of the tourist industry. In the end, the writer provides the opinion that tourism is not a viable option to promote development in these counties and that other options for development should therefore be pursued with greater force. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Latintou.wps

The Mexican Peso Crisis and Clinton's Bailout Plan : A 4 page look at the Mexican Peso crisis of the 1990's and some of the factors concerning President Bill Clinton's decision to bail Mexico out. A good overview of economic reasons for the devaluation of the Peso is provided and Clinton's plan is criticized based upon available economic research. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Peso.wps

The Mexican Peso Crisis / Did the U.S. Exhibit a Newfound Isolationism ? : In this 5 page essay, the writer examines what U.S. actions (or lack thereof) in responses to the Peso crisis might suggest about our post-Cold War foreign policy. The role of Congress, the President, and various other political factors are assessed. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Peso2.wps

The Mexican Peso Crisis / Evaluation of Problem & Possible Solutions : This comprehensive 7 page overview provides a complete economic discussion of the Peso crisis in Mexico (1990's) and some of its implications. The writer discusses Mexico's markets of change, faltering economy, and lack of stability. A number of alternatives are presented and evaluated-- with recommendations being made for the best one. The paper concludes with an overview of methods to control the Peso's value. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Pesocase.wps

Nigeria and China / An Economic Comparison : A 7 page research paper comparing the economies of China and Nigeria . The writer details the structure of the two economies, their major industries, and how they are managed. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Chinnige.wps

Human Geographical Considerations in Regards to Canadian Economics : A 5 page research paper in which the writer looks at the economies of people in the separate Canadian territories in relationship to settlement of the area, natural resources, political fight for survival in Canadian parliament--all based on the disparity in human geographics that has been established for centuries. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Candageo.wps

New France (Canada) / Economic Importance : A 5 page research paper investigating the origins of New France and its economic importance to both Canada France. During the years between 1650 and 1750, the population of the territory, now known as Quebec, experienced significant growth. Under King Louis XIV and his first appointed Intendent, Quebec and its surrounding areas established successful agricultural farms as well as numerous industries increasing the area's importance to France. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Newfrance.wps

Official Development Assistance & Its Role in the Changing World : 16 pages in length. An historical overview of Official Development Assistance (O.D.A.) and its importance to worldwide economic aid. The role of the IMF, World Bank, and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (O.E.C.D.) are discussed in great detail. The case example of "The Colombo Plan" -- designed to assist developing countries in Asia and The Pacific is offered as an example of the usefulness of ODA. Problems faced by this form of assistance are discussed as well... Bibliography lists approximately 12 sources. Oda.wps

Organization Of Petroleum Exporting Countries (O.P.E.C.) : A 4 page essay examining the organization and history of OPEC and its former and future effects on the world oil market. In response the the stranglehold the OPEC countries had on an industrialized world dependent on the oil that they exported, conservation and world-wide recession (due in part to the oil crisis beginning in 1973-1974), OPEC has lost much of its world influence as oil-importing countries look both for other sources of oil and for alternatives to oil. Analysts believe that the current trend of increased oil consumption will continue through the year 2000, and that OPEC may be able to regain some of its lost world influence. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Opec.wps

Economic Globalization Worldwide Impacts for Unions, Wages & Employment : 10 page paper that provides an overview of the impact of globalization on unions, wages and employments, especially in light of world-wide trade policies. Bibliography lists 7 sources Globalec.wps

The Effects Of New Technologies On The Global Economy : A 10 page exploration of the effects of technology on the global economy. Emphasis is on communications technology and how it has the potential to either equalize the playing field in terms of national players or to allow the more technologically advanced nations to dominate world markets. Bibliography lists seven sources. Globnew.wps

The European Monetary Union : A 35 page research paper that discusses the European Monetary Union from its inception through the European Union, and focuses on the impacts and changes in political power that will occur as a result of this major change. This paper also focuses upon the use of sanctions and economic pressure as means of determining political action rather than the use of force, and demonstrates that the power created by the EMU will change the way in which politics are enforced. Bibliography lists 21 sources. EMU.wps

European Monetary Union / Issues Concerning A Common Currency : A 10 page paper on the issue of implementing a common currency in Europe. The writer addresses the pros and cons and gives suggested solutions. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Currncy.wps

European Money Union -- Maastricht Delay: An 8 page research paper investigating the significance and the repercussions of the Maastricht treaty conference in bringing Europe to a uniform currency. The paper lists the EMS as the forerunner of the European Monetary Union in its role of setting fixed exchange rates among the currencies of Europe, explaining why Germany was chosen as the point of reference for the exchange rates, why Germany has been a leader in organizing the EMU, and why Germany may be excluded from the initial round of member states when the Euro is launched, planned for January 1, 1999. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Emu.wps

The European Investment Bank : This 5 page paper provides an overview of the creation of the European Investment Bank as well as the role it plays within the purview of international banking. The bank’s relationship with the European Union (EU) is also discussed in detail. This historical reference is supplemented by recent actions taken by the enormous institution. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Eib.wps

Italy’s Governmental Focus On Joining The European Monetary Union : A 10 page paper on public policy in Italy concerning bringing the country’s economy in line with the standards set in 1992 in Maastricht for membership acceptance in the European Monetary Union (EMU). The EMU will establish a common currency for all member states and eliminate the political barriers of border and exchange rates. Italy has widely disparate regions: the wealth of the country is centered in the industrialized north, while the agricultural south is poor. Italy is working to achieve EMU and use the benefits of membership to ease the economic disparities between their two main regions. Bibliography lists 9 sources. ItalyEU.wps

Investing In Italy : An 8 page research paper investigating the wisdom of investing in Italy. Known for its history of tumultuous government, Italy has enjoyed a relative period of calm since early 1996 when Prime Minister Romano Prodi's center-left Olive Tree Alliance took power with a primary goal of being among the first of the European countries to join the European Monetary Union in 1998. In order to achieve their goal, Italy will have to meet strict requirements regarding economic growth and overall deficit, and the central government realizes that foreign investment along with their own hard work can help Italy achieve their goals. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Italytinv.wps

A New, Unified Global Economy ? : A 5 page paper refuting the central ideas behind a "World Unified Currency" plan (W.U.C.). The writer describes the economic problems that would result from countries being able to choose their own exchange rate, troubles experienced by private industry, the destruction of capitalism, and more. It is concluded that as difficult as it may be, the world must accept the fact that some nations will succeed where others will not. The ceilings imposed by a W.U.C. plan are counter-productive and do not effectively promote the competitive efforts upon which the world economy is built. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Worldeco.wps

France / Economic Purposes : A 5 page essay exploring the economy of France as it prepares to enter the European Monetary Union. France has historically been known as a welfare state due to its many and varied entitlement programs. With the EMU looming in the near future, France must make some dramatic changes in its fiscal policies. This writer discusses the attitudes displayed by the French people and its government in 1996 and compares those to the budget for 1998. France will be ready for the EMU. Bibliography lists 5 sources. France.wps

Ongoing U.S. Investment In India : A 6 page paper that proposes that based on the human resources available, the amount of resource support India needs to improve its infrastructure, and what the U.S. could learn from India's fast-moving economic growth and improvement, the United States should continue to invest resources in India. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Indiaecn.wps

The Impact of Trade Embargoes : An 8 page paper. Often used by the United States in response to either human rights or military issues intervention, economic sanctions have been thought to be effective and productive. Woodrow Wilson believed that economic sanctions were an "economic, peaceful, silent, deadly enemy." That position is being rethought by many, however, particularly in the area of trade embargoes. Examined here are the embargoes against the former Soviet Union for the invasion of Afghanistan, Cuba and Iraq, with the lesson that such embargoes are only effective when the leaders are concerned with the welfare of their people. Cuba may be coming around; Iraq is still chanting "death to America." Bibliography lists 6 sources. Embargo.wps

International Policy Objectives : A 5 page essay answering the question of types and numbers of policy instruments necessary to attain the most advantageous position for the US economy, both domestically and internationally. Using Singapore as an example of a blend of a strong central government yet an economy based on totally free entrepreneurism, the paper concludes that (1) the government needs to allow businesses to operate as profitably as possible, with a tax structure that encourages investment, and (2) international trade barriers should be reduced to the lowest level possible. No bibliography. Policy.wps

Tax Advantages Of International Expansion : Both tax and other monetary advantages of international expansion are evaluated in this 25 page paper. A fictitious New York corporation considers exporting goods to Ireland. Several scenarios are considered to minimize taxation while looking at consequences of repatriation, as well as the ramifications of setting up a manufacturing facility in the foreign country itself. Labor laws and tax rates in both Ireland and the U.S. are discussed. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Taxire.wpsf

MORE ECONOMIC ISSUES

An Argument to Abolish the I.R.S. : 7 pages in length. In this well-written argumentative essay entitled "Freedom is Worth More Than Money," the writer persuades us to believe that the 16th Amendment which empowers the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (I.R.S.) it too overbroad. It is argued that the IRS has too much control..too much power..and no adequate system of checks & balances. Using a good amount of supporting evidence and case facts, the argument is ultimately made that the I.R.S. should be abolished as it has no place in a free & Democratic America. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Irshate.wps

Revenues vs. State and Local Tax Reform-- An Overview : A 10 page essay on some of the effects of unthinking tax levies of state and local governments in their desperate attempts to increase their revenues. With an extreme lack of forward-thinking, many state and local governments attempt to have businesses bear the brunt of their budget deficiencies for the short-term without thinking through the long-range implications. Connecticut is used as an example: the state doesn’t have exhorbitant tax rates for its businesses, but many families are finding that their best option is that of leaving the state, and Bridgeport, Connecticut’s most formerly-industrialized city, now claims the lowest-priced existing industrial real estate in the country. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Taxrefo.wps

Influencing The Budget : A 23 page research paper that analyzes the congressional budget process, paying particular attention to ways political parties and their congressmen influence budget outcomes. The writer highlights the concepts of majority rules as well as common tactics such as persuasion, bargaining, and threats, and also discusses the way a new presidential tool, the line-item veto, may considerably reduce the amount of influence parties have in budget outcomes. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Budgetin.wps

Fiscal Policy / Tax Cuts and Budget Deficits : A 5 page paper reconciling the relationships between supply-side economics, tax cuts and the apparent route to the true reduction of national debt. Studies have shown that the most successful of the European countries working to bring their economies in line for membership in the EMU have been the ones that have combined governmental spending cuts with a resistance to raising taxes. Those that have cut taxes have performed well, but the most effective area of spending cuts has been that of public welfare and government wages. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Fiscal.doc

1996 Presidential Race / A Question of Economy ? : 10 pages in which the writer examines the 1996 U.S. Presidential race as having largely been a question of economy. Clinton's role and ideology in U.S. economic policy are looked at as are Bob Dole's counter attacks. All are evaluated with respect to the election's outcomes. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Election.wps

The Effect of Reagan Tax Cuts on Consumer Spending : A 7 page essay on the effects of consumer behavior in response to Ronald Reagan’s economic policies. Immediately after taking office in 1981, he began instituting a series of economic policies that came to be known as "Reaganomics." For the eight years immediately preceding the Reagan era, there was no growth in real household income. For the eight years following the time of his administration, there has been a decline in that income of over $1,400 a year. During the Reagan years, however, real income rose a full 10% over the period, giving the American worker more discretionary income than they had known since the 1960’s. Five footnoted references; no bibliography. Reagan.wps

Reaganomics : A 10 page paper that considers the positive impact of Reaganomics on the American economic climate of the 1980s. This paper determines that not only did Reagan face a difficult and already determine economic path set by years of mismanagement, but the systems that were implemented under his Administration were the most significant economic changes created in decades. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Footnotes included. Reag.wps

(The) Balanced Budget Amendment : 8 pages of argument against the Balanced Budget Amendment. Makes very clear, concise points supported by statistics and historical facts. 9 sources listed in bibliography (see more under category U.S. government & politics). Balanbu2.wps

Balancing the Budget # 4 -- A Balancing Act : A 7 page research paper on the issues surrounding the failed balanced-budget amendment. The paper discusses the history of the national debt, and debates whether balancing the budget is even necessary at all. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Budget.wps

Balanced Budget Amendment & The Banking Industry : The premise that the writer is creating a report for a CEO of a rural bank is the perspective from which this 8 page paper is written. Issues discussed include the validity of the recent balanced budget amendment, economic projections for 1998 through 2002 and specific recommendations for the banking industry. Opposing views concerning the effect of the budget are noted. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Bankind.wps

The Budget Deficit / Better or Worse? : A 6 page paper that tracks the successes and failures of the budget deficit between 1992-1996, according to the economists and political figures. The paper proposes that evidence shows that although the federal deficit has been reduced significantly, individual states are floundering and may add to the deficit in the future. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Usfiscal.wps

Economics / Regulation and Anti-Trust : A 7-page paper regarding the issues of government regulation and anti-trust. The writer explores various regulation issues, including those involving big business, telecommunications, and the media. Bibliography lists 10 references. Antittrus.wps

The Feminization of Poverty : 40 pages discussing from a feminist's viewpoint how changing social structures have brought about "the Feminization of poverty." Numerous case studies are backed-up by relevant statistical data to prove thesis. Bibliography lists 20+ sources. Fempov.wps

Capital Gains Tax Cut / A Counter-Argument : A 5 page research paper in which the writer argues against this proposal. The writer debates the capital gains tax cut, and discusses the reasons why it would fail to benefit the economy despite the opinions of lawmakers who believe otherwise. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Capgains.wps

(The) Flat Tax Controversy : 9 pages in length. Paper defines the flat tax and presents an overview of its history and the various relevant proposals that have been created regarding its potential viability. The writer compares opposing viewpoints on the issue and then offers a well-thought conclusive opinion. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Flattax.wps

Flat Tax / Argument For : A 6 page persuasive paper arguing in favor of the flat tax. It shows the benefits to both individual and corporate taxpayers monetarily as opposed to the arguments against such a tax structure. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Flatt.wps

Controversial Liquor Taxes : A 9 page paper examining the impacts of luxury taxes on alcohol. The writer concludes that these taxes are unjust and ineffective in their intended purpose of regulating alcohol consumption in certain communities. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Liquortx.wps

The National Debt / ‘Pros’ and ‘Cons’ : A 10 page paper that reviews current literature to survey the attitudes of various groups toward the National Debt. Survey statistics are included to show the growth and impact of the budget deficit over time, and specific implications for economic and social programs are reviewed. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Debt.wps

Disaster Bonds : A 5 page paper that discusses the pros and cons of utilizing disaster bonds for insurers to provide a financial base in case of catastrophic disasters. In light of recent legislation in California requiring insurers to provide earthquake coverage, many companies are beginning to offer these bonds as a way to raise funds. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Disabond.wps

Problems With the Concept of a Gold Standard : A 7 page discussion of the "Gold Standard" with conclusion that we should not return to it. Please call for more detailed information. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Goldsta2.wps

Should We Return to the Gold Standard ? : 8 pages on the gold standard with such features as "the case for a 'bull' market." Bibliography lists 6 sources. Goldstan.wps

Economics of Health Payment Systems : An 8 page research paper on the impact of HMOs on the medical economy in America. The writer details the nature of HMOs, how they pay doctors, the issues related to their effect on treatment, and the overall changes they have caused in the medical economy. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Econmed.wps

The Costs of Commuting : A 7 page paper detailing the true economic costs of our nation’s dependence on the automobile. Outlines alternatives to commuting such as telecommuting, bicycling, and mass transit. Bibliography lists six sources. Commute.wps

Paying off the U.S. Federal Deficit : 10 pages in length. Utilizing theories of modern economists such as Galbraith and Eisner, this paper offers analytical insight into how the United States might pay be able to pay off its Federal Deficit. Various Congressional proposals are examined. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Feddefiec.wps

Dole's 15% Tax Cut Plan : An 8 page research paper on Dole's proposed 15% tax cut plan. The writer describes the plan, criticisms of the plan, how it resembles flat taxation and supply-side economics, and the possible effects of the plan on the economy. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Doletax.wps

Unemployment & Social Disorder : A 4 page essay on working & labor issues, wages, unemployment, length of the average work week, etc; The writer argues that significant increases in unemployment or underemployment will inherently lead to greater social chaos. Bibliography unavailable. Socdisor.wps

U.S. Foreign Aid in a Changing World : 19 pages in length. Primarily discussed is the changing role of foreign aid in promoting U.S. national interests. It is understood that post-Communist emerging markets and new political ideologies are presenting cause to change our traditional views regarding foreign assistance. A plan is described for the re-allocation of funds based upon relevant statistics, trends, and events cited in the research. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Foreigas.wps

Whole Life vs. Decreasing Term Insurance Policies : 12 pages in length. A good discussion of Life Insurance, particularly Whole Life Insurance,-- and some of the problems associated with its sale. The writer discusses how many Insurance Agents have been known to "con" or mislead their customers into buying Whole Life policies. An excellent presentation is made as to the problems of having such a policy with regard to its cost-related headaches and associated financial difficulties. An argument is made in favor of Decreasing Term policies as an alternative and the writer recommends comparing the return on the investment portion of any Whole Life policy to a Decreasing Term policy. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Lifeinsu.wps

The Monetary Value Of Human Life : 12 pages in length. In today's modern society, four markets currently exist in which human components are exchanged for economic compensation : human blood, human organs, surrogate motherhood, and human reproductive cells. All of these, in essence, essentially place a monetary value upon our human lives. In this well-researched paper, the writer examines a number of ethical issues concerning "marketplaces" for human parts. Various examples and relevant case studies are presented. Bibliography lists 25+ sources. Valulife.wps

Electric Utility Deregulation : A 15 page paper discussing the macroeconomic effects of deregulation of the domestic electric utility industry. Discusses the impact to large-scale users, as well as individual consumers, how deregulation will affect the utility companies themselves in terms of profitability, and the impact of deregulation in commodities trading. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Elecutil.wps

The Economics of Incarceration : 10 pages in length. The author discusses the high cost of prison and argues that there are alternatives to prison. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Ecoinc.wps

The Fishing Economy : A 7 page paper discussing the commercial fishing industry and its economic impact on coastal towns. Highlights the economic contributions of the industry to the communities with an examination of how overfishing in these regions can cripple the industry which ripples into destruction of the communities’ economic stability. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Fishing.wps

The Space Shuttle Challenger & Basic Economic Issues : A 3 page essay reviewing the Challenger space shuttle accident and the amount of money spent of the space program. Considering the number of homeless and hungry in our country, the writer offers a proposal for a better use of the money spent on space shuttles. Bibliography provided. Chall.wps

Staten Island - The Economics of Sanitation : The financial feasibility of closing the Fresh Kills landfill in Staten Island, New York is discussed in this 5 page paper. A task force which studied the realities of closing this infamous garbage dump, in 1996, is referenced. Alternatives, such as recycling, are also discussed. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Frshkils.wps

U.C. Professors / Economic Effect Of Salary Structure : A 5 page essay that looks at the effect the salary structure of the University of California has on professors. The process of securing a positon is difficult, at best, and nearly impossible for some discipline Ph.D.s, then the process for promotion and salary increases is rigorous. Compounding these facts is the salary cap with limits a professor's economic status. Ucsal.wps

Restaurant Smoking Policies / Scientific, Economic, & Social Aspects : A 5 page examination of the scientific, economic, and social aspects which affect the implementation of smoking policies in restaurants. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Restsmok.wps